What is the primary issue in Type II diabetes?

In Type II diabetes, the primary issue is that cells exhibit resistance to insulin. This condition arises when the body's cells become less responsive to insulin, a hormone that is essential for regulating blood sugar levels. Insulin enables cells to absorb glucose from the bloodstream to use as energy. When the cells resist insulin's effects, glucose remains in the bloodstream, leading to elevated blood sugar levels.

This resistance is often linked to various factors, including obesity, physical inactivity, and genetic predisposition. Over time, the pancreas attempts to compensate for this resistance by producing more insulin, but it may not be sufficient to overcome the resistance, resulting in a persistent high blood sugar state.

Understanding this mechanism is crucial because it highlights the need for interventions that improve insulin sensitivity, such as lifestyle changes and medication, to effectively manage Type II diabetes.