Which term best describes the study of physiological functions in humans?

The term that best describes the study of physiological functions in humans is physiology. This branch of biology focuses on how the body and its systems operate, including how organs function independently and interactively to maintain homeostasis. It encompasses the study of various processes such as respiration, circulation, digestion, and the mechanisms of muscle contraction, providing a comprehensive understanding of how living organisms respond to changes in their environment and maintain life.

Histology, on the other hand, deals specifically with the microscopic structure of tissues, whereas pathology focuses on the study of disease processes and their effects on the body. Anatomy is concerned with the structure of the body and its parts, detailing what they are and where they are located, but it does not delve into the functions of those structures. Therefore, physiology is the most appropriate term in this context, as it encompasses the functions and processes that sustain life in humans.